生態農業：土壤碳蓄存之預測模型優化及驗證【土壤環境科學系/鄒裕民特聘教授、劉雨庭特聘教授】
| 論文篇名 | 英文：Inhibition of continuous cropping obstacle of celery by chemically modified biochar: An efficient approach to decrease bioavailability of phenolic allelochemicals 中文：透過化學修飾生物炭來抑制芹菜的連作障礙：一個有效的方法減少酚類化合物生物有效性 |
| 期刊名稱 | Journal of Environmental Management |
| 發表年份,卷數,起迄頁數 | 2023, 348: 119316 |
| 作者 | Lin, Chia-Chia; Liu, Yu-Ting(劉雨庭); Chang, Po-Hsiang; Hsieh, Yi-Cheng; Tzou, Yu-Min(鄒裕民)* |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119316 |
| 中文摘要 | 植物釋放的化學交感物質在連作的單作系統中常常積累。這些化學物質，如酚酸，被證明是土壤中自毒素或病原體積累的主要來源，導致直接或間接的連作障礙。在本研究中，選擇了三種農業廢棄資材，即稻殼、茶渣和木屑，作為原料。從這些原料中製備了生物炭樣品，以檢測它們去除沒食子酸（一種代表性的酚酸）的能力。從浸泡在H3PO4（1：1.5，質量比）中的木屑並在400°C下熱解而成的生物炭（以WP400表示）表現出最高的吸附能力，可以吸附沒食子酸和其他酚酸。通過實驗和光譜調查評估了WP400去除酚酸的機制，以闡明WP400的顯著吸附能力。沒食子酸的吸附依pH值而異，並遵循偽二階動力學模型。高比表面積、含氧基團的存在以及碳-碳基團和酚酸之間氫鍵的增強可能有助於WP400的高吸附能力。在盆栽實驗中，我們發現將0.3%（質量比）的WP400添加到連作種植的芹菜土壤中可以促進芹菜的生長。超過40%的水溶性酚類化合物的顯著減少可能是造成此結果的原因。然而，WP400吸附了硝酸鹽，本研究顯示WP400和營養物質的協同作用在緩解芹菜的連作障礙方面表現出最大的效能。 |
| 英文摘要 | The accumulation of allelochemicals released by plants is commonly found in continuous monocropping systems. These chemicals, such as phenolic acids, were shown to be the major sources of autotoxin or pathogen accumulation in soils, leading to a direct or indirect continuous cropping obstacle. In this study, three types of agricultural residuals, i.e., rice husk, tea waste, and wood meal, were chosen as feedstocks. Biochar samples were prepared from these feedstocks to examine their abilities to remove gallic acid, a representative phenolic acid. Biochar, which was prepared from wood meal soaked with H3PO4 (1:1.5, w/w) and pyrolyzed at 400 ◦C (symbolized as WP400), exhibited the highest adsorption capacities of gallic acids and other phenolic acids. The mechanisms of phenolic acid removal by WP400 were evaluated via experimental and spectroscopic investigations to elucidate the notable adsorption capacity of WP400. The adsorption of gallic acids was pH-dependent and followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The combination of high surface area, the existence of O-containing groups, and the enhancement of H bonds between C––C groups and phenolic acids may contribute to the high adsorption capacity of WP400. In a pot experiment, we found that celery growth was promoted with the addition of 0.3% (w/w) WP400 to soils that were continuously monocropped with celery. A large decrease in the water-soluble phenolic compound by more than 40% may be responsible for the results. However, WP400 scavenged nitrate, and this study showed that the synergistic actions of WP400 and nutrients exhibited the greatest efficiencies in mitigating the continuous cropping obstacles of celery. |
| 發表成果與本中心研究主題相關性 | 生物炭被認為可增加土壤營養, 改善土壤結構, 亦被認為是可長期存在於土壤的碳, 本研究利用農業廢棄資材來製備生物炭, 發現生物炭可以吸附造成連作障礙的酚類化學物質, 減少芹菜受病原菌的危害, 故本研究不僅提供生物炭在農業環境中利用的另一項功用, 且亦有增進農業廢棄資材循環利用及增加土壤碳的附加價值。 |
